Public School as a Pillar in Citizenship Education and in Overcoming Inequalities

Abstract

This article discusses the fundamental role of the school in civic education and in overcoming social inequalities, highlighting the importance of clear rules, affective bonds, and collaborative work with families and institutions. Based on an experience report involving a student in institutional care, it shows how welcoming, continuous care, and mediation between school and shelter transformed her trajectory. Grounded in authors such as Paulo Freire, Vygotsky, Montessori, and Arendt, the text argues that the school should be a space of belonging, empathy, and emotional security, especially in contexts of vulnerability. It also discusses the relevance of the work of multidisciplinary teams, in accordance with Federal Law No. 13.935/2019, and the responsible use of technology, in light of State Law No. 15.110/2025. The role of teachers and school management in building democratic environments is emphasized, as well as the positive impact of educational practices structured around rules and values. The school is thus seen as an instrument of social transformation and a promoter of equity, preparing conscious citizens committed to a fairer society.